When you work in Ontario and live in Quebec, your employer deducts Canada & Ontario provincial income taxes. Once you have filled all your data in UFile, regardless of manually or automatic download, you will have a large Canadian refund and a large Quebec amount due. There is an option in UFile (and the Canada income tax form), to transfer most of your Canada refund to pay your Quebec income tax. You will still have a balance owing to Quebec after that transfer (Quebec has a higher tax rate then Ontario). Once you file both income taxes, you will still have to send a check for the balance owing to Quebec before 30 April and wait for the refund from Canada. If you have a spouse that also files Quebec income taxes and would receive a refund, you can reduce the amount of your check to Quebec by that amount. In the end, you will probably still have to send a check to Quebec.
Officially, you do not have to pay Quebec the amount due in installments because you can argue that you are taxed 100% at source on your income.
I have been doing this for almost 20 years now. Doing it this way you are not loaning any money to the governments interest free.